https://med.virginia.edu/ginutrition/wp-content/uploads/sites/199/2015/12/PlogstedArticle.pdf
onsdag 22 januari 2025
söndag 19 januari 2025
Serotoniini-hermovälittäjäainejärjestelmän suhde neuronaaliin excitotoksisuuteen ja mitokondriatasoon ?
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6561197/
Mechanistically, the effects of 5-HT were mediated via the 5-HT2A receptor and master modulators of mitochondrial biogenesis, SIRT1 and PGC-1α.
SIRT1 was required to mediate the effects of 5-HT on Mitochondrial function is also enhanced by 5-HT, increasing cellular respiration and ATP, the energy currency of the cell.
We found 5-HT reduces cellular reactive oxygen species and exerts potent neuroprotective action in neurons challenged with stress, an effect that requires SIRT1.
These findings highlight a role for the mitochondrial effects of 5-HT in the facilitation of stress adaptation and identify drug targets to ameliorate mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons.mitochondrial biogenesis and function in cortical neurons.
In cortical neurons, 5-HT enhanced expression of antioxidant enzymes, decreased cellular reactive oxygen species, and exhibited neuroprotection against excitotoxic and oxidative stress, an effect that required SIRT1.
(Kommentti: excitotatiivit aminohapot aivojen funktiossa ovat glutamiinihappo (E) ja aspartaatti (D).
E ja D ovat non-essentiellejä aminohappoja, jotka ovat elämälle välttämättömiä kehon rakenneosia ja joita keho itse muodostaa. Glutamiinihappo muodostaa glutamiinia Q) sitomalla ammoniuma, joka on pienessäkin määrin myrkyllinen aivolle (esim maksakoomasa). Sitruunahapposklin alfaketoglutaarihappo on lähde josta muodostuu glutamiinhappoa, joka rikstuu glutamiiniksi. Palautuessan glutamiini vapauttaa "ilmaista" sidosenergiaa energiaa synteeseihin neuroneissa. GABA on pääteuote nhibitoriosessa neuronissaja GLU excitatorisessa neuronissa.
Ilmeisen tärkeä säätelevä osuus serotonergisellä neuronilla näiden perustavien järjestelmien takasäätelijänä viitaisi siihen, että ei ehkä tarpeeksi edes osata suojata serotonergistä haermojärjestelmää. Esim huumeiden käytössä purkaantuu serotonergisistä hermoista välittäjäaineita. Niiden uudelleen muodostuminen kestää aikaa ja vaikuttaa mielialaan ja unensaantiin cirkadiseen järjestelmään. Serotonergisen järjstelmän toipuminen vaatii kuukausia. jo ne vielä ovat korjattavissa. Yleensä hoidetaan sekundaaisia seikkoja kuten unettomuutta tai määritteleätönä kivuliaisuutta tai pahaaoloa (kipufiltterijärjestelmä aivotasossa heikkenee, jos serotoniinijärjestelmä on häiriösså. Tavallisen ruoan, raikkaa nilman , huumeita pidättymisen ja alkoholin kohtuullisen käytön tai jopa raittiuden , säännöllisen unen merkitys on suuri tämän serotonihermosto tukemisessa.
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Miksi tässä yhteydessä Gluteeni-blogi?
Arvelen että gluteeni-intolerantikoilla jää kiertelemään kehoon haitallisia antigeenisiä PQQP, QQQP tms pätkiä pilkkoutumattomia dipeptidejä tai vasta.aineita ja ne tavalla tai toisella vahingoittavat niitä elimiä joissa toimii tämä a-KG-Glu, Gln, Gamma-Aminovoihappo (Gaba),OH-voihappo, meripihakahapposemialdehydi, alfa-ketoglutaarihappo (alfa-KG)- Glu- aineenvaihdunnallinen sykli. kylkiäisena tavalliselle hyvin toiminalle sitruunahapposyklille mitokondriamaailmassa ja osin sytoplasmassa. Sellaisia elimiä aivojen lisäksi on Beta-saarekesolu haimassa ja munuainen.
Niisä kohdissa kehoa, missä on huippu-nanotekniikan maailman tapahtumia, saadaan sidosenergian purkautumisesta Gln glutamiinsita Glu lutamaatiksi se tarvitava reaktioenergia. Siis Glu ja Gln niiden täytyy pystyä toimiaan erillisinä, integroituina eikä klimmeinä, jotia aggrekaatit ja vasa-aineet haittaavat. Tässä on avuksi vähentää gluteenin syömistä, kaikkien, ei vain niiden jotaka kuolisivat gluteeniin. Sen takai gluteeniton dieeti tarjotaanusein mahdollisuutena monenlaisen vaivan hhoitoon, kun ei selvää hoitokohdemolekyyliä tai järjestelmää edes tunneta. Asia ei anna heti imitään tulsota muta joissain viikoissa, kuukausisa tai vuosissa voi havaita tapahtuvan jotain kohentumista kehon rakenteissa. esim iho saatta olla tervempi, haavat paraneva nopeammin, suoli on joostavampi, hmm- tähän menisi kai aika jos kaikkea kohenemista gfd-dieetistä kertoo.
Veri pysyy paremmin koossa, verisuonet eivät itsestään pirstoudu mustelmille. ym ym.
Toiset muunta vehnän gliadiinigeeniä, toiset taas vehnän excitatorisen aminohapon Glu (E/Q) rakennetta . Toiset tekevät vahvempaa gluteenia, rehua.
Glu in gluten
19 results
Enhancing growth, liver health, and bile acid metabolism of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) through combined cholesterol and bile acid supplementation in plant-based diets.
Anim Nutr. 2024 Mar 8;17:335-346. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.03.001. eCollection 2024 Jun.
PMID: 38800736
Free PMC article.
The isonitrogenous (321 g/kg crude protein) and isolipidic
(76 g/kg crude fat) diets (Con diet) were based on plant protein
sources, which included corn gluten meal, soybean meal, cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal. The Con diet was supplemented with 12 g/kg cholesterol (CH …
Absence of Dx2 at Glu-D1 Locus Weakens Gluten Quality Potentially Regulated by Expression of Nitrogen Metabolism Enzymes and Glutenin-Related Genes in Wheat.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 18;21(4):1383. doi: 10.3390/ijms21041383.
PMID: 32085665
Free PMC article.
Absence of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) Dx2 weakens the gluten quality, but it is unclear how the absence of Dx2 has these effects. Thus, we investigated the gluten quality in terms of cytological, physicochemical, and transcriptional characterist …
Wheat Gluten Amino Acid Analysis by High-Performance Anion-Exchange Chromatography with Integrated Pulsed Amperometric Detection.
Methods Mol Biol. 2019;2030:381-394. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9639-1_28.
PMID: 31347132
The present chapter describes an accurate and user-friendly method for determining amino acid composition of wheat gluten
proteins and their gliadin and glutenin fractions. The method consists
of hydrolysis of the peptide bonds in 6.0 M hydrochloric acid (HCl …
Deletion of the low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit allele Glu-A3a of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) significantly reduces dough strength and breadmaking quality.
BMC Plant Biol. 2014 Dec 19;14:367. doi: 10.1186/s12870-014-0367-3.
PMID: 25524150
Free PMC article.
The Glu-A3a-encoded B-subunit showed a higher expression level and accumulation rate during grain development. These characteristics of the Glu-A3a allele could contribute to achieving superior gluten quality and demonstrate its potential application t …
Whey protein delays gastric emptying and suppresses plasma fatty acids and their metabolites compared to casein, gluten, and fish protein.
J Proteome Res. 2014 May 2;13(5):2396-408. doi: 10.1021/pr401214w. Epub 2014 Apr 21.
PMID: 24708224
Clinical Trial.
In contrast to previous studies, the WI meal caused a
decreased rate of gastric emptying compared to the other test meals. The
WI meal also caused elevated levels of a number of amino acids, possibly stimulating insulin release leading to reduced plasma glucose. The …
Wheat gluten amino acid analysis by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with integrated pulsed amperometric detection.
Methods Mol Biol. 2012;828:329-37. doi: 10.1007/978-1-61779-445-2_26.
PMID: 22125156
This chapter describes an accurate and user-friendly method for determining amino acid composition of wheat gluten
proteins and their gliadin and glutenin fractions. The method consists
of hydrolysis of the peptide bonds in 6.0 M hydrochloric acid solution at …
Wheat gluten amino acid composition analysis by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with integrated pulsed amperometric detection.
J Chromatogr A. 2009 Jul 17;1216(29):5557-62. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.05.066. Epub 2009 Jun 3.
PMID: 19523641
Gradient conditions including an extra eluent (0.1M acetic acid solution) allowed multiple sequential sample analyses without risk of Glu contamination on the anion-exchange column. While gluten amino acid compositions by the present method were mostly …
Characterization of novel LMW-GS genes at Glu-D3 locus on chromosome 1D in Aegilops tauschii.
Hereditas. 2008 Oct;145(5):238-50. doi: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.2008.02046.x.
PMID: 19076692
Free article.
The objectives of this study were to clarify the relationship between LMW-GS Glu-D3 gene of Ae. tauschii registered in GenBank and the six Glu-D3 genes including 12 allelic variants of common wheat characterized in our previous studies, and identify novel Glu …
Plant promoter driven heterologous expression of HMW glutenin gene(s) subunit in E. coli.
Mol Biol Rep. 2008 Jun;35(2):153-62. doi: 10.1007/s11033-007-9065-7. Epub 2007 Mar 23.
PMID: 17380427
Probable secondary structure of HMW glutenin protein was predicted using online ExPASy server. HMW glu
Dx5 and Dy10 gave significant similarity (more than 90%) to the
available database but, 1Ax1 didn't show significant similarity. ...The
transcription was confirmed by Rev …
Theor Appl Genet. 2007 Feb;114(3):451-60. doi: 10.1007/s00122-006-0445-5. Epub 2006 Nov 15.
PMID: 17106734
The objectives of this study were to characterize Glu-D3 subunit coding genes and to develop molecular markers for identifying Glu-D3 gene haplotypes. ...These markers will be useful to identify the Glu-D3 gene haplotypes in wheat breeding programs....
Haku "Hordein antibodies". Hordein on ohran prolamiini ja ohra taas kuuluu gluteeni muodostaviin viljoihin.
2,907 results
Multiple Allergen Simultaneous Test for Food Allergens
Cannot Screen Wheat-Dependent, Exercise-Induced Anaphylaxis and α-Gal
Syndrome.
Yonsei Med J. 2025 Jan;66(1):58-62. doi: 10.3349/ymj.2024.0031.
PMID: 39742886
Free PMC article.
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multiple
dose, parallel study to investigate the effects of a cathepsin S
inhibitor in celiac disease.
Clin Transl Sci. 2025 Jan;18(1):e13901. doi: 10.1111/cts.13901.
PMID: 39739628
Free PMC article.
Clinical Trial.
Few participants had an increase in gliadin-specific,
IFNgamma-secreting T cells, and the antigen-specific responses (anti-tTG
and anti-DGP antibodies) were weaker than expected in both arms. Therefore, the primary end point was not met, although the study was underpowered …
What is the Role of Measuring Urinary Gluten Immunogenic
Peptides in Clinical Practice in Patients with Coeliac Disease?
J Gastrointestin Liver Dis. 2024 Dec 28;33(4):482-487. doi: 10.15403/jgld-5659.
PMID: 39733322
Free article.
In our retrospective study, the results of the urinary
gluten immunogenic peptide test collected within 7 days, self-reported
adherence to a gluten free diet reported within 3 months, serology
collected within 7 days (immunoglobulin A - tissue transglutaminase and
endomysial a …
Anxiety and Depression Among Adults and Children With
Celiac Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Different Psychiatry Scales.
Psychiatr Res Clin Pract. 2024 Jul 12;6(4):124-133. doi: 10.1176/appi.prcp.20230076. eCollection 2024 Winter.
PMID: 39669540
Free PMC article.
Review.
BACKGROUND: Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder
in which genetically susceptible individuals cannot digest gluten
(wheat) and its homologs such as Scalin (rye) and Hordein (barley). AIM: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the measures o …
[Clinical diagnosis and management of wheat and
buckwheat allergy: application and prospects of allergen component
diagnostics].
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2024 Nov 6;58(11):1797-1806. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240830-00693.
PMID: 39537423
Review.
Chinese.
Investigating the Role of Gluten Sensitivity in the Etiology of Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Pak J Biol Sci. 2024 Sep;27(10):487-492. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2024.487.492.
PMID: 39530303
[Assessment of tolerance of a new product (gluten-free grain snack) in children with food allergy to gluten].
Vopr Pitan. 2024;93(4):104-111. doi: 10.33029/0042-8833-2024-93-4-104-111. Epub 2024 Jul 15.
PMID: 39396221
Russian.
Clinical safety parameters were assessed based on the
dynamics of complete blood count and blood immunological parameters
(total IgE, specific IgE, and IgG4 antibodies to the studied allergens) at the beginning and end of the consumption period. ...In the results of clinic …
Detection of gluten peptides in human duodenal fluids with immuno-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Anal Methods. 2024 Oct 17;16(40):6819-6828. doi: 10.1039/d4ay00852a.
PMID: 39264106
Thus, an initial immunoprecipitation (IP) step was included. Several antibodies
were tested, and one proved reliable for the enrichment of the 33-mer
gluten peptide as well as a few additional gluten peptides. ...
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated multiplex gene editing of gamma and omega gliadins: paving the way for gliadin-free wheat.
J Exp Bot. 2024 Dec 4;75(22):7079-7095. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erae376.
PMID: 39238167
Free PMC article.
The mutations were transmitted to the offspring, and the
analysis of homozygous derived lines by reverse-phase HPLC and
monoclonal antibodies showed a 97.7% reduction in gluten content.
Crossing these lines with other CRISPR/Cas lines deficient in the
alpha-gliadins allowe …
Gastrointestinal dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease: absence of anti-gliadin antibodies.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2024 Dec;33(4):490-495. doi: 10.6133/apjcn.202412_33(4).0003.
PMID: 39209358
Free PMC article.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Parkinson disease (PD), which
is a neurodegenerative disorder, includes several gastrointestinal
symptoms that are similar to those of Celiac disease (CD). However, the
presence of celiac antibodies in PD patients has not yet been studied. Our ai …
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